What is cell mediated immunity (CMI)?

Cell-mediated immunity is a type of the adaptive immune response that allows the body to specifically target and defend against pathogens like bacteria, toxins, and viruses. This is carried out through using lymphoid cells. Cell-mediated immunity involves mature T cells, the activation of macrophages, and the release of cytokines following exposure to an antigen. This type of immunity is particularly effective against pathogens that reside within host cells, either evading phagocytosis or infecting non-phagocytic cells directly. Thus, it allows the immune system to recognize and destroy infected cells, preventing the spread of pathogens and the development of disease. Additionally, cell-mediated immunity plays a crucial role in tumor surveillance, helping to identify and eliminate abnormal or cancerous cells.