DiYO™-1 [equivalent to YOYO®-1] 5 mM DMSO Solution

DiYO™-1 is chemically equivalent to YOYO®-1 (YOYO® is the trademark of Invitrogen). DiYO™-1 is a carbocyanine dimer with green fluorescence similar to FITC. It is cell-impermeant and easily distinguished from Cy5 and rhodamines as a nuclear counterstain and dead cell indicator. It is non-fluorescent in the absence of nucleic acids, and generates a very bright fluorescence signal upon binding to DNA. DiYO™-1 gives strong and selective nuclear staining in cultured cells and in paraffin sections. Simultaneous labeling with cell-permeable Nuclear Red™ LCS1 dye and cell-impermeant DiYO®-1 can be used to assess cell viability. DiYO™-1 and Nuclear Red™ both have much greater extinction coefficients than that of DNA-bound propidium iodide.

Example protocol

PREPARATION OF WORKING SOLUTION

DiYO™-1 working solution

Make DiYO™-1 working solution in Hanks with 20 mM Hepes buffer (HH buffer) or buffer of your choice at your desired concentration.
Note In initial experiments, it may be best to try several dye concentrations to determine the optimal concentration that yields the desired result. High dye concentration tends to cause nonspecific staining of other cellular structures.

SAMPLE EXPERIMENTAL PROTOCOL

Caution: The following protocol can be adapted for most cell types. Growth medium, cell density, the presence of other cell types and factors may influence staining. Residual detergent on glassware may also affect staining of many organisms, and cause brightly stained material to appear in solutions with or without cells present.

Grow and treat cells as desired.
Remove the cell culture medium and fix cells.
Add DiYO™-1 working solution (1 to 10 µM) into the cells (either suspension or adherent cells), and stain the cells for 15 to 60 minutes.
Remove the dye working solution and add HH buffer or buffer of your choice.
Analyze the cellular staining with a fluorescence microscope using FITC filter.

Calculators

Common stock solution preparation

Table 1. Volume of DMSO needed to reconstitute specific mass of DiYO™-1 [equivalent to YOYO®-1] *5 mM DMSO Solution* to given concentration. Note that volume is only for preparing stock solution. Refer to sample experimental protocol for appropriate experimental/physiological buffers.

	0.1 mg	0.5 mg	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
1 mM	78.7 µL	393.499 µL	786.999 µL	3.935 mL	7.87 mL
5 mM	15.74 µL	78.7 µL	157.4 µL	786.999 µL	1.574 mL
10 mM	7.87 µL	39.35 µL	78.7 µL	393.499 µL	786.999 µL

Molarity calculator

Enter any two values (mass, volume, concentration) to calculate the third.

Mass (Calculate)		Molecular weight		Volume (Calculate)		Concentration (Calculate)		Moles
	/		=		x		=

Spectrum

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Product family

Name	Excitation (nm)	Emission (nm)	Extinction coefficient (cm ^-1 M ^-1)
DiYO™-3 [equivalent to YOYO®-3] 5 mM DMSO Solution CAS 156312-20-8	612	631	167000¹
Oxazine 1 CAS 24796-94-9	648	668	123000
DiTO™-1 [equivalent to TOTO®-1] 5 mM DMSO Solution CAS 143413-84-7	514	531	117000¹
JC-1 [5,5,6,6-Tetrachloro-1,1,3,3-tetraethylbenzimidazolylcarbocyanine iodide] CAS#: 3520-43-2	515	530	195000¹
BTA-1 [2-(4'-(methylamino)phenyl)benzothiazole]	349	421	-
DiPO™-1 [equivalent to POPO®-1] 1 mM DMSO Solution	433	457	92000¹
EthD-1 [Ethidium Homodimer-1]	528	617	-

Citations

View all 9 citations: Citation Explorer

Self-modifying NanoEnhancers facilitating lysosomal escape for cGAS-STING cascading activation in tumor immunotherapy
Authors: Ge, Yanni and Bao, Yuheng and Shao, An and Jin, Kai and Mao, Zhengwei and Tong, Weijun and Ye, Juan
Journal: Nano Today (2024): 102391

Protective Effect of Ergothioneine against Oxidative Stress-Induced Chondrocyte Death
Authors: Sakata, Shuzo and Kunimatsu, Ryo and Tanimoto, Kotaro
Journal: Antioxidants (2024): 800

The RIPK1 death domain restrains ZBP1-and TRIF-mediated cell death and inflammation
Authors: Imai, Takashi and Lin, Juan and Kaya, G{\"o}ksu G{\"o}kberk and Ju, Eunjin and Kondylis, Vangelis and Kelepouras, Konstantinos and Liccardi, Gianmaria and Kim, Chun and Pasparakis, Manolis
Journal: Immunity (2024)

Smooth muscle cell specific NEMO deficiency inhibits atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice
Authors: Imai, Takashi and Van, Trieu-My and Pasparakis, Manolis and Polykratis, Apostolos
Journal: Scientific Reports (2022): 1--12

GRP75-driven, cell-cycle-dependent macropinocytosis of Tat/pDNA-Ca2+ nanoparticles underlies distinct gene therapy effect in ovarian cancer
Authors: Su, Linjia and Sun, Zhe and Qi, Fangzheng and Su, Huishan and Qian, Luomeng and Li, Jing and Zuo, Liang and Huang, Jinhai and Yu, Zhilin and Li, Jinping and others,
Journal: Journal of Nanobiotechnology (2022): 1--20

References

View all 22 references: Citation Explorer

Plasmalemma permeability and necrotic cell death phenotypes after intracerebral hemorrhage in mice
Authors: Zhu X, Tao L, Tejima-M and eville E, Qiu J, Park J, Garber K, Ericsson M, Lo EH, Whalen MJ.
Journal: Stroke (2012): 524

Intra-organ Biodistribution of Gold Nanoparticles Using Intrinsic Two-photon Induced Photoluminescence
Authors: Park J, Estrada A, Schwartz JA, Diagaradjane P, Krishnan S, Dunn AK, Tunnell JW.
Journal: Lasers Surg Med (2010): 630

Screening by imaging: scaling up single-DNA-molecule analysis with a novel parabolic VA-TIRF reflector and noise-reduction techniques
Authors: van 't Hoff M, Reuter M, Dryden DT, Oheim M.
Journal: Phys Chem Chem Phys (2009): 7713

Novel anatomic structures in the brain and spinal cord of rabbit that may belong to the Bonghan system of potential acupuncture meridians
Authors: Lee BC, Kim S, Soh KS.
Journal: J Acupunct Meridian Stud (2008): 29

Triplet fraction buildup effect of the DNA-YOYO complex studied with fluorescence correlation spectroscopy
Authors: Shimizu M, Sasaki S, Kinjo M.
Journal: Anal Biochem (2007): 87

Page updated on November 21, 2024

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Physical properties

Molecular weight	1270.65
Solvent	DMSO

Spectral properties

Extinction coefficient (cm ^-1 M ^-1)	98900¹
Excitation (nm)	491
Emission (nm)	508
Quantum yield	0.52¹

Storage, safety and handling

H-phrase	H303, H313, H340
Hazard symbol	T
Intended use	Research Use Only (RUO)
R-phrase	R20, R21, R68
Storage	Freeze (< -15 °C); Minimize light exposure
UNSPSC	41116134
CAS	143413-85-8