What does Foxp3 transcription factor do?

The FOXP3 gene provides instructions for making the FOXP3 protein, which plays a critical role in regulating genes involved in the immune system. This protein binds to specific DNA regions, controlling how genes work. Normally, the immune system protects the body by recognizing and attacking foreign invaders like bacteria and viruses, and eliminating them from the body. 

FOXP3 is known as a transcription factor because it regulates gene activity. This protein is especially important for efficient production and functioning of regulatory T cells or Treg cells, which are crucial for preventing autoimmunity. Autoimmunity typically develops as a result of the immune system mistakenly attacking the body's own tissues.