What are the three parts that make up a typical neuron?

The three parts that make up a typical neuron are the cell body, axon, and dendrites. 

1. Cell body: Also known as the soma, the cell body is the largest part of the neuron. It houses the nucleus, Golgi bodies, mitochondria, and other organelles. Protein synthesis and ATP generation occur in the cell body.   
2. Axon: The axon is a long, slender protoplasmic fiber that extends from the cell body. It is the transmitting part of the neuron. The axon is responsible for generating action potentials, which it then carries to the axonal terminal where it triggers the release of neurotransmitters, which pass the signal on to an adjacent neuron.
3. Dendrites: Dendrites are short, slender branches that extend from the cell body. They are the receiving part of the neuron and are responsible for transmitting impulses from other neurons to the cell body.