What are the advantages of lipid nanoparticles over lipid-based nucleic acid delivery systems?

Lipid nanoparticles offer several advantages compared to earlier lipid-based systems for delivering nucleic acids. One key advantage is enhanced nucleic acid encapsulation and transfection, as lipid nanoparticles are highly effective at ensuring a substantial amount of the therapeutic material is protected and delivered into cells. Another advantage is reduced cytotoxicity and immunogenicity. Lipid nanoparticles are designed to have minimal toxic effects on cells and reduced potential to trigger unwanted immune responses. A third advantage is better tissue penetration, as these nanoparticles are also designed to penetrate tissues more effectively.