How do acid-base reactions affect the reactivity of a molecule?

Acid-base reactions play a crucial role in determining the reactivity of molecules by either increasing or decreasing electron density. In chemical reactions, regions with excess electrons are typically the providers of electrons, while regions lacking electrons are usually the recipients of electrons. When a neutral molecule is protonated, it becomes more electron-poor. In contrast, when a neutral molecule is deprotonated, it becomes more electron-rich.