How do zwitterions act as buffers?

Buffers are solutions that have the ability to resist pH changes on addition of a basic or acidic component. They do this by reacting with and neutralizing small amounts of the added base or acid to keep the pH of the solution relatively constant. Buffers are crucial for processes that require specific and stable pH ranges.

Zwitterions are able to act as buffers because of their ability to act as both as a base and an acid. This allows them to react with and neutralize any base or acid added to the solution, keeping the pH relatively stable. Every zwitterion has a specific pH range and capacity that determines how much base or acid can be neutralized before the pH changes, and the amount by which it will change.