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DiR iodide [1,1-dioctadecyl-3,3,3,3-tetramethylindotricarbocyanine iodide]
DiI, DiO, DiD and DiR dyes are a family of lipophilic fluorescent stains for labeling membranes and other hydrophobic structures. The fluorescence of these environment-sensitive dyes is greatly enhanced when incorporated into membranes or bound to lipophilic biomolecules such as proteins although they are weakly fluorescent in water. They have high extinction coefficients, polarity-dependent fluorescence and short excited-state lifetimes. Once applied to cells, these dyes diffuse laterally within the cellular plasma membranes, resulting in even staining of the entire cell at their optimal concentrations. The distinct fluorescence colors of DiI (orange fluorescence), DiO (green fluorescence), DiD (red fluorescence) and DiR (deep red fluorescent) provide a convenient tool for multicolor imaging and flow cytometric analysis of live cells. DiO and DiI can be used with standard FITC and TRITC filters respectively. Among them DiD is well excited by the 633 nm He-Ne laser, and has much longer excitation and emission wavelengths than those of DiI, providing a valuable alternative for labeling cells and tissues that have significant intrinsic fluorescence. DiR might be useful for in vivo imaging or tracing due to the effective transmission of infrared light through cells and tissues and low level of autofluorescence in the infrared range.
Calculators
Common stock solution preparation
Table 1. Volume of DMSO needed to reconstitute specific mass of DiR iodide [1,1-dioctadecyl-3,3,3,3-tetramethylindotricarbocyanine iodide] to given concentration. Note that volume is only for preparing stock solution. Refer to sample experimental protocol for appropriate experimental/physiological buffers.
| 0.1 mg | 0.5 mg | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 98.679 µL | 493.393 µL | 986.787 µL | 4.934 mL | 9.868 mL |
| 5 mM | 19.736 µL | 98.679 µL | 197.357 µL | 986.787 µL | 1.974 mL |
| 10 mM | 9.868 µL | 49.339 µL | 98.679 µL | 493.393 µL | 986.787 µL |
Molarity calculator
Enter any two values (mass, volume, concentration) to calculate the third.
| Mass (Calculate) | Molecular weight | Volume (Calculate) | Concentration (Calculate) | Moles | ||||
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Spectrum
Product family
| Name | Excitation (nm) | Emission (nm) | Extinction coefficient (cm -1 M -1) | Quantum yield |
| Propidium iodide *CAS 25535-16-4* | 537 | 618 | 60001 | 0.21 |
| Propidium iodide *10 mM aqueous solution* | 537 | 618 | 60001 | 0.21 |
| DiI iodide [1,1-Dioctadecyl-3,3,3,3- tetramethylindocarbocyanine iodide] | 550 | 564 | 148000 | - |
| Propidium iodide *1 mg/mL aqueous solution* | 537 | 618 | 60001 | 0.21 |
Citations
View all 150 citations: Citation Explorer
Platelet-mimicking Nanoparticles Loaded with Diallyl Trisulfide for Mitigating Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats
Authors: Chen, Yihan and Lin, Ling and Xu, Lingling and Jin, Qiaofeng and Fu, Wenpei and Bai, Ying and Huang, Tian and Gao, Tang and Wu, Wenqian and Xu, Chunyan and others,
Journal: Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces (2024): 114460
Authors: Chen, Yihan and Lin, Ling and Xu, Lingling and Jin, Qiaofeng and Fu, Wenpei and Bai, Ying and Huang, Tian and Gao, Tang and Wu, Wenqian and Xu, Chunyan and others,
Journal: Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces (2024): 114460
Pleiotropy of biomineralized bacterial outer membrane vesicles in modulating immune systems for liver cancer therapy
Authors: Luo, Ying and Xu, Zhongsheng and Du, Qianying and Xu, Lian and Wang, Yi and Xu, Jie and Wang, Junrui and Chen, Sijin and Zhang, Wenli and Liu, Bo and others,
Journal: Chemical Engineering Journal (2024): 155592
Authors: Luo, Ying and Xu, Zhongsheng and Du, Qianying and Xu, Lian and Wang, Yi and Xu, Jie and Wang, Junrui and Chen, Sijin and Zhang, Wenli and Liu, Bo and others,
Journal: Chemical Engineering Journal (2024): 155592
A comparative study of PEO-PBO content on the targeting and anti-glioma activity of annonaceous acetogenins-loaded nanomicelles
Authors: Ao, Hui and Fu, Yao and Wang, Xiangtao
Journal: Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces (2024): 114176
Authors: Ao, Hui and Fu, Yao and Wang, Xiangtao
Journal: Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces (2024): 114176
Gouqi-derived nanovesicles (GqDNVs) inhibited dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy associating with AMPK/SIRT1/PGC1$\alpha$ signaling pathway
Authors: Zhou, Xiaolei and Xu, Shiyin and Zhang, Zixuan and Tang, Mingmeng and Meng, Zitong and Peng, Zhao and Liao, Yuxiao and Yang, Xuefeng and N{\"u}ssler, Andreas K and Liu, Liegang and others,
Journal: Journal of Nanobiotechnology (2024)
Authors: Zhou, Xiaolei and Xu, Shiyin and Zhang, Zixuan and Tang, Mingmeng and Meng, Zitong and Peng, Zhao and Liao, Yuxiao and Yang, Xuefeng and N{\"u}ssler, Andreas K and Liu, Liegang and others,
Journal: Journal of Nanobiotechnology (2024)
Tumor Supplying Artery Injection of Liposome@ Sunitinib Could Effectively Inhibit the Progression of Kidney Tumor
Authors: Fu, Qingfeng and Li, Gang and Wang, Lin and Yin, Chunyang and Yi, Bocun and Huang, Yue and Su, Qiang and Zhang, Zhihong and Zhu, Jianqiang
Journal: ACS Applied Materials \& Interfaces (2024)
Authors: Fu, Qingfeng and Li, Gang and Wang, Lin and Yin, Chunyang and Yi, Bocun and Huang, Yue and Su, Qiang and Zhang, Zhihong and Zhu, Jianqiang
Journal: ACS Applied Materials \& Interfaces (2024)
References
View all 92 references: Citation Explorer
Use of lipophilic near-infrared dye in whole-body optical imaging of hematopoietic cell homing
Authors: Kalchenko V, Shivtiel S, Malina V, Lapid K, Haramati S, Lapidot T, Brill A, Harmelin A.
Journal: J Biomed Opt (2006): 50507
Authors: Kalchenko V, Shivtiel S, Malina V, Lapid K, Haramati S, Lapidot T, Brill A, Harmelin A.
Journal: J Biomed Opt (2006): 50507
Confocal laser scanning microscopy using dialkylcarbocyanine dyes for cell tracing in hard and soft biomaterials
Authors: Heinrich L, Freyria AM, Melin M, Tourneur Y, Maksoud R, Bernengo JC, Hartmann DJ.
Journal: J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. (2006)
Authors: Heinrich L, Freyria AM, Melin M, Tourneur Y, Maksoud R, Bernengo JC, Hartmann DJ.
Journal: J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. (2006)
In vivo imaging and counting of rat retinal ganglion cells using a scanning laser ophthalmoscope
Authors: Higashide T, Kawaguchi I, Ohkubo S, Takeda H, Sugiyama K.
Journal: Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci (2006): 2943
Authors: Higashide T, Kawaguchi I, Ohkubo S, Takeda H, Sugiyama K.
Journal: Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci (2006): 2943
Functional neuroanatomy of the rhinophore of Aplysia punctata
Authors: Wertz A, Rossler W, Obermayer M, Bickmeyer U.
Journal: Front Zool (2006): 6
Authors: Wertz A, Rossler W, Obermayer M, Bickmeyer U.
Journal: Front Zool (2006): 6
Nox2, Ca2+, and protein kinase C play a role in angiotensin II-induced free radical production in nucleus tractus solitarius
Authors: Wang G, Anrather J, Glass MJ, Tarsitano MJ, Zhou P, Frys KA, Pickel VM, Iadecola C.
Journal: Hypertension (2006): 482
Authors: Wang G, Anrather J, Glass MJ, Tarsitano MJ, Zhou P, Frys KA, Pickel VM, Iadecola C.
Journal: Hypertension (2006): 482
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