What is the role of coenzyme A in the cell?

Coenzyme A (CoA) plays key roles in several biological processes including energy production, fatty acid synthesis, and drug and enzyme functioning. 

• Energy Production: Coenzyme A plays a role in initiating the Krebs or citric acid cycle. This is an important chemical process that produces carbon dioxide (CO2) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP). ATP, an energy-rich compound, is essential for providing the cells with the fuel and energy they need to synthesize protein and DNA.  
• Fatty Acid Synthesis: CoA is the primary helper molecule that facilitates the oxidation pathway by carrying fatty acids in the mitochondria through the catabolic/oxidation process and transferring acetyl groups during the elongation phase of fatty acid synthesis in the cytosol. The process results in the production of acetyl-coenzyme A, a chemical substance that’s critical for initiating fatty acid production within the living cell. Fatty acids are essential for maintaining the integrity of the cell membrane. There would be no fatty acid production without this process. 
• Boost Drug and Enzyme Functioning: Coenzyme A has been found to boost the functioning of some proteins, sugars and drugs.  It is used in certain drugs to prolong the half-life of the medication. The half-life of a medication is the length of time it takes for half of its active ingredients to decay or become inactivated. By extending the half-life of a drug, CoA extends the effect it has on the body.