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AAT Bioquest

What are the steps in peptide bond formation?

Posted June 6, 2023


Answer

Amino acids are linked together in proteins by a special kind of bond called the peptide bond. A peptide bond is formed by a dehydration synthesis process, in which the carboxyl group of one amino acid condenses with the amino group of another amino acid releasing a water molecule. This occurs over multiple steps: 

  1. The carboxyl group (COOH) of one amino acid moves towards the amino group of another amino acid. 
  2. The carboxyl group of the first amino acid loses one hydrogen and one oxygen atom. The amino group (NH2) of the second amino acid loses one hydrogen atom. 
  3. A water molecule (H2O) is released and the hydroxyl group is substituted by nitrogen, forming a peptide (C-N) bond between the two amino acids. The formation of a peptide bond between two amino acids results in a dipeptide molecule. 
Additional resources

Two-Component Redox Organocatalyst for Peptide Bond Formation

Amino Acid Reference Chart

Amplite® Colorimetric Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) Assay Kit