What are the components required for PCR reaction?

PCR reaction requires 5 main components: 

1. DNA template – This is the DNA of interest from the sample.
2. Heat resistant DNA polymerase – Taq Polymerase is usually used as it is thermostable and does not denature at very high temperatures. 
3. Deoxyribonucleotide triphosphate – These are single units of bases that provide energy for polymerization and are the building blocks for DNA synthesis. 
4. Oligonucleotide Primers – These are short stretches of single-stranded DNA that are complementary to the 3’ ends of sense and antisense strands. 
5. Buffer System – This is composed of magnesium and potassium, which create optimum conditions for denaturation and renaturation of DNA. In addition, the buffer system is also crucial for polymerase activity and stability.