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AAT Bioquest

What are functions of the Major Histocompatibility complex (MHC)?

Posted August 26, 2024


Answer

The Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) serves three main functions: 

  • The main function of the Major Histocompatibility Complex involves self-recognition. T lymphocytes or T cells are unable to recognize a potential threat to the body. MHC molecules play a key role in helping T cells recognize and bind to the body’s own cells (self-recognition) while identifying foreign antigens and signaling an immune response to destroy the invader. 
  • The MHC directs T cells to destroy foreign invaders in the body. Depending on the type of foreign element, MHC molecules bind to it and then signal the T lymphocytes to eliminate it, leading to its destruction.
  • MHC molecules often bind to peptide epitopes, forming ligands for T cell receptors (TCRs). These ligands assist in the recognition and targeting of tissues. After the cell is broken down, these ligands also play a role in restoring the cell’s structure to its original form.
Additional resources

The major histocompatibility complex and its functions

iFluor® 488 PSA™ Imaging Kit with Goat Anti-Mouse IgG