How do neurons inverse an action potential?

Neurons inverse an action potential through the process of repolarization. When the membrane potential reaches +30 mV, voltage-gated potassium channels in the membrane start to open. These channels allow potassium ions (K+) to exit the cell due to their concentration gradient. As K+ leaves the cell, it carries positive charge with it, causing the membrane potential to move back towards its resting state; this brings the membrane potential closer to the resting value of −70 mV. However, during repolarization, the membrane potential briefly dips below −70 mV, a phase called hyperpolarization.