What is the difference between liquid chromatography (LC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)?

High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is an advanced type of liquid chromatography (LC), which is performed under a significantly higher operational pressure than LC. Ordinary LC relies on the gravity force to pass the mobile phase through the column, resulting in a slow flow rate and largely limiting the size of particles being used in column. HPLC, on the other hand, relies on pumps to pass a pressurized liquid through the column, which greatly reduces the time of separation and thus increases efficiency. Besides, HPLC columns are filled with smaller stationary particles than the ordinary LC, allowing HPLC to have superior resolving power when separating mixtures.