Application Notes

Black Hole Quenchers (BHQs) represent a sophisticated class of dark quencher molecules engineered for nucleic acid detection. Background Quenchers are chemical species used to suppress or prevent the fluorescence of a fluorophore by providing a pathway for energy or electron transfer away from…

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Posted December 17, 2024

GelRed is a nucleic acid intercalating fluorescent stain designed to prevent cell membrane penetration while maintaining high DNA binding affinity. Background and Development Developed by Biotium Inc., GelRed (Cat. No. 41003) represents an advancement in nucleic acid staining technology. The…

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Posted December 13, 2024

PicoGreen is a highly sensitive fluorescent probe developed by Invitrogen, specifically designed to detect double-stranded DNA (dsDNA, Dragan, A.I., et al., 2010). Upon binding to dsDNA, PicoGreen undergoes a conformational change that results in the formation of a fluorescent complex, emitting…

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Posted December 11, 2024

MitoTracker dyes are fluorescent probes used for staining mitochondria in live cells (Xiao et al., 2016). Background MitoTracker dyes are cell permeable compounds that can be added to live cells to stain mitochondria. Once added, these probes pass through the plasma membrane of viable cells, wherein…

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Posted December 10, 2024

MitoSOX (Mitochondrial Superoxide Indicators) are fluorescent probes specifically designed to detect and quantify mitochondrial superoxide (O2-) (Dikalov & Harrison, 2014). These superoxides are part of a larger family of compounds, known as reactive oxygen species (ROS), and form as byproducts…

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Posted December 6, 2024